Stylistic Detail of MAUS and Its Effect on Reader Attachment - Literature Essay Samples

In any artistic work, aesthetic style is a crucial aid to the viewers understanding of the piece as a whole. Art Spiegelmans remarkable publication Maus breaks the conventional barriers of the past between comics and what were then considered to be serious novels. As a graphic novel about a horrific atrocity, Maus is the first work of its kind. Through the style of his drawings, Spiegelman is able to use illustration to aid in the telling of a story. Each individually crafted panel is detailed enough to be significant alone; together, they create a rich tapestry of images which portray a powerful story without compromising the works literary integrity. Page 87 of Maus is an ideal example of Spiegelmans combination of thoughtful detail and underlying meaning in his drawings.In panels 2, 3, 6 and 7 of page 87, Vladek and Artie are only shown as silhouettes. This might be taken to represent a connection with Vladeks past. As Adolf Hitler is quoted to have said, The Jews are undoubtedly a race, but they are not human, Jews were not viewed as worthwhile individuals. As the camps and gas chambers filled, each Jew became only a number, if even that. As the Jews were faceless then, Vladek is depicted as being faceless in the present.Yet, it is noteworthy that Vladeks glasses are still visible against his dark silhouette. Glasses stereotypically represent a persons thought and intellect, and in these panels, spectacles imply a hint of Vladeks human aptitude. The contrast between the glasses and the silhouette is an ironic detail beyond what the initial glance might discern. Thoughtful details like these that appear throughout Maus are significant in their ability to lend a sense of humanity to an inhumanly cruel tale. Almost six million Jews were massacred during the Holocaust; although many works have been written about and around the events of the Second World War, Spiegelman, through the use of image, attempts through new venues to help the reader relate. In Maus, th e people often victims of history are revived, transformed and metamorphosed into hand-drawn characters. Although these comics, because they are inherently two-dimensional, cannot do complete justice to multi-dimensional human beings, they do not deviate far from the truth.Perhaps for entertainment value, or to an extent, to alleviate the grim nature of his novel, Spiegelman adds a caricature-like quality to the depiction of his characters, particularly Vladek, who becomes the stereotypical Miserly Jew. This almost laughable quality is most obvious in the novel when Vladek, who even in his advanced age continues to carry home small knickknacks and bits he finds along the street, refuses to part with a piece of wire he discovers while strolling with his son. Vladek is additionally depicted as being petty and unforgiving, harsh in speech and uncouth in manner, and somewhat a bigot. However, it is ironically also these personality flaws that cause his rodent-faced character to appe ar more real, more human. As the reader comes to silently despise Vladek for his numerous shortcomings, he becomes increasingly attached to the character on an unconscious level. This unconscious concern for the character later translates into compassion and sympathy, and gradually the thoughtful development of Mauss characters causes us to almost forget that even Vladek has a rodent tail. In the telling of the story, as Jews are mice, not inherently harmful but reputed pests requiring riddance, Nazis are given cat faces, somewhat menacing, but strangely more physically resembling humans than those of their rodent counterparts.As the reader becomes drawn deeper into the tale and closer to the characters, drama within the plot takes on increased effect. By page 87, the reader has already witnessed the setting of the scene for the entrance of concentration camps into the story. On page 86, the suspense and shock build; the individual panels are larger in size than those of previous p ages, particularly than the noticeably smaller frames of page 85. It is worthy to note that in most of the books pages, especially those preceding pages 86 and 87, the mice are not depicted to have visible eyebrows. However, on 86, the expressions of anxiety and fear created by the shape of the mices suddenly present eyebrows dominate the page. This evokes an air of anticipation in the reader, which carries over into the next page. Here, on page 87, as if finally reaching a crescendo, the panels in which Vladek recalls the past to Artie show the two figures as silhouettes only. Drama becomes heightened; it is comparable to the effect created when the face of a camp side storyteller is illuminated with the single beam of a flashlight. These silhouette panels could even be called negatives, similar to photo negatives, as the color of the subjects and backgrounds are reversed. In film, this type of inverse of light and dark lends a feeling of apprehension, foreshadowing doom of some ki nd. Despite the intense drama of the page, it is appropriate this is the first time in Maus that Vladek and his family are directly affected by the events at Auschwitz.Although the story of the Holocaust has been told countless times, and in the present day, the occurrences at concentration camps have all been exposed, it is with such subtle details that Spiegelman is able to persuade the reader into shock when Maus characters begin to be exterminated. The reader is forced to rely increasingly on the posture and gesticulations of the figures, Valdeks in particular, and on the dialogue. Especially on page 87, many words are printed in bold lettering. This deviates from previous pages, which have few or no bolded words. Again, these small, easily dismissible coincidences can be proven to be in actuality not coincidences at all, but carefully planned components of the graphic novel.Maus is a refreshing transgression from the norm. As art, it is impressive in its magnitude; as literatu re, it propels story telling to new venues. Art Spiegelman has proven that not only can two media of expression be combined successfully; they can be united without detriment to either artistic or literary integrity. He is most commendable, however, not for that which readers notice, but for that which they easily overlook the subtle yet powerful details that permeate his work, leaving readers breathless without them realizing exactly why.

Rab Ne bana di Jodi analysis Free Essay Example, 750 words

Rab Ne bana di Jodi† analysis Introduction: This report is an analysis of a scene in the film â€Å"Rab ne bana di Jodi† – the scene where the protagonist Surinder, i.e. , the character played by actor Shah Rukh Khan, first meets his young wife in his new disguise of a hot young honcho and ends up being paired with her for dance classes. This scene is the most important one in the film because it produces a new identity for Surinder on the basis of events which occur completely by chance, leading on to the development of Surinder’s alter ego. Synopsis: This is the story of Surinder, an older man who is married to a much younger wife; the daughter of his good friend and mentor. Being somewhat reserved and anxious not to displease the beautiful young woman, he tried to be as good a husband to her as he can be. But he is not very successful in establishing a good relationship with her and a distance begins to creep in; the once vivacious young woman become morose and withdrawn after the death of her father. We will write a custom essay sample on Rab Ne bana di Jodi analysis or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Finally, in desperation, Surinder, with the help of his somewhat radical hairdresser friend, assumes an alter ego – one that appears much younger due to his style of dressing. As Surinder, he grants permission to his young wife to join dance classes in order to enter a dance competition and during the first session, he presents himself to her as her partner for the dance competition. Throughout the rest of the film, he preserve his dual identity – of the straightforward, somewhat boring and staid husband in a kurta pyjama versus the dashing young man dressed in tight jeans and T-shirts, named Raj. The first scene where Raj finds himself paired to his wife and discovers that she does not recognize him with his changed appearance and style of dressing is one of the most important scenes in the film. This leads on to several sequences where Raj slowly gains the young woman’s confidence and ultimately finds out how much affection a nd regard she holds for her husband. Analysis of scene where Surinder meets his wife for the first time as a stranger Raj: In this scene, Surinder turns up at the place where his wife is scheduled to start her dance classes. He is dressed in tight jeans and a T shirt, which he is uncomfortable wearing, but his anxiety to observe his wife and what she is doing overpower his discomfort. Although he had originally intended to merely take a peek and leave, he ends up bumping against his wife and discovers she does not recognize him as well; hence he introduces himself as â€Å"Raj† – actually the name of his friend. This scene capitalizes on the phenomenon of Vivacity described in Scarry’s article (Scarry (1995:4), where the gap between the reality and the perceptions of the viewer influence the response to the material being presented, whether textual or visual. Until this particular scene occurs in the film, the viewer perception of Surinder is that of a rather boring, staid young man. This perception is heightened by the kind of costumes the actor wears, his dialogues and prissy behaviour. As his dress code changes, Surinder in his anxiety to appear as different from his real self as possible, talks and presents himself in a completely different manner from what he is in reality. As the viewer watches this scene, the reality he is seeing is therefore very different from his/her hitherto perception of the character of Surinder. This gap between perception and reality helps to heighten the viewer experience of the film. According to the mental imagery process described by Sadolski and Paivio (141), both verbal and non verbal representations will contribute towards the effect that a narrator is trying to achieve. In the film, during the scene where Surinder meets his wife for the first time as Raj, it is not just the words he says which promote his image as Surinder’s alter ego, it is also the non verbal cues, such as the bold gestures the physical familiarity which Raj engages in that Surinbder would never have done. Other film elements: The impact of the film upon the viewer is enhanced through clever editing. The mise en scene and the building up of suspense that contributes to the drama of the narrative occurs through the musical scores and the use of the correct background props as well. For example, the scene where Raj reveals his love to his dance partner is done with a great deal of dramatic flair. The young woman suddenly finds all lights going off in Bombay and she gets a view from her high vantage point of the lights in the city spelling out the message â€Å"I love you†. Subsequent to such a dramatic and heartfelt declaration of love, the subsequent scene shows the young woman at a gurdwara with her husband in his real avatar of Surinder, where she is required to treat him like a respectful wife. The mise en scene in these contrasting scenes spells out the choice the young woman has to make – the flashy, romantic love of Raj or the sober, reliable, old fashioned love of her husband. At the end of the film, the young woman chooses her husband’s love over that of the young dancer, quite unaware that they are both the same person. The background and non verbal cues in these scenes, i.e. , the young wife with her head covered bending down and touching her husband’s feet symbolizes the reliability and durability of traditional values. As opposed to this, during the scene where Raj’s love is revealed, he is not present, thereby symbolizing the ephemeral nature of his love and the doubts associated with its durability. The composition of these non verbal cues when combined with the actual dialogues and music, as well as the acting and expressions of the main actors, do help to heighten the viewing experience for a film goer so that the film resolution akes eminent sense. References: Sadoski, M., and Paivio, A. (1994). A dual coding view of imagery and verbal processes in reading comprehension. In R. B. Ruddell, M.R. Ruddell, & H. Singer (Eds. ),Theoretical models and processes of reading (4th ed. , pp. 582-601). Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Scarry, Elaine. â€Å"On Vivacity: The Difference Between Daydreaming and Imagining-Under-Authorial-Instruction. † Representations. 52 (1995), 1-26

The Indian Population are Living in Severy Poverty

Bajpai, Sachs and Volavka (2005) studied the confronts to meet the MDGs in India. The authors revealed that India would attain some of eight goals like reducing extreme poverty and would miss many of others like reducing hunger, reducing infant mortality rate, achieving environmental sustainability. Indian population living in severe poverty has been diminishing sharply since economic reforms started in 1991. The headcount poverty rate in 2015 would be less than half of the rate in 1990, as called for by the Millennium Development Goals. The proportion of children in India who are continually malnourished remains very high. India is far behind in the goal to realize universal primary school enrolment. In 1999-2000, the net primary enrollment rate was only 52.5 percent. It is a long way off from the goal of 100 percent enrollment by 2015. Primary completion rates increased slightly between 1993 and 2000, from 58.7 percent to 61.4 percent. But dropout rates are clearly still very high. Gender disparity in schooling differs across India. It is highest in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, where gross primary enrollment rates are about two-thirds for females than for males. Development on the targets to reduce child and infant mortality has been made in India. The country is not likely to meet the goal of reducing these rates by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015 if decreases remain at their present rate. India is suffering from deteriorating crises of water, soils, and

Electromagnetic Induction Essay Research Paper The phenomenon free essay sample

Electromagnetic Induction Essay, Research Paper The phenomenon called electromagnetic initiation was foremost noticed and investigated by Michael Faraday, in 1831. Electromagnetic initiation is the production of an electromotive force ( voltage ) in a music director as a consequence of a altering magnetic field about the music director and is a really of import construct. Faraday discovered that, whenever the magnetic field about an electromagnet was made to turn and prostration by shutting and opening the electric circuit of which it was a portion, an electric current could be detected in a separate music director nearby. Faraday besides investigated the possibility that a current could be produced by a magnetic field being placed near a coiled wire. Just puting the magnet near the wire could non bring forth a current. Faraday discovered that a current could be produced in this state of affairs merely if the magnet had some speed. The magnet could be moved in either a positive or negative way but had to be in gesture to bring for th any current in the wire. We will write a custom essay sample on Electromagnetic Induction Essay Research Paper The phenomenon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The current in the spiral is called an induced current, because the current is brought about ( or? induced? ) by a altering magnetic field ( Cutnell and Johnson 705 ) . The induced current is sustained by an voltage. Since a beginning of voltage is ever needed to bring forth a current, the spiral itself behaves as if it were a beginning of voltage. The voltage is known as an induced voltage. Therefore, a altering magnetic field induces an voltage in the spiral, and the voltage leads to an induced current ( 705 ) . He besides found that traveling a music director near a stationary lasting magnet caused a current to flux in the wire every bit long as it was traveling every bit in the magnet and coiled wire set-up. Faraday visualized a magnetic field as composed of many lines of initiation, along which a little magnetic compass would indicate. The sum of the lines crossing a given country is called the magnetic flux. Faraday attributed the electrical effects to a altering magnetic flux . The necessity of gesture to bring forth a current is due to the fact that electromagnetic initiation involves a time-varying magnetic field. The same effects can be produced by traveling the spiral toward and off from a inactive magnetic beginning. In either instance, the key to bring forthing the current is surely the gesture of the magnet or the wire. The magnetic lines of the magnetic field must go through through a cringle of the coiled wire. The value of the magnetic flux is relative to the entire figure of lines go throughing through the cringle ( Serway and Faughn 653 ) . The magnetic flux can be stated in an equation equal to the flux: degree Fahrenheit = ( B ) ( A ) or f = ( B ) ( A ) cos Q. The value for the magnetic field ( B ) is multiplied by the country of one cringle of the wire spiral ( A ) and the angle at which the magnetic field crosses the plane of the cringle. This decision lead to the development of other jurisprudence affecting electromagnetic flux. Sometime after Faraday? s experiments and decisions, Scots physicist James Clerk Maxwell proposed that the cardinal consequence of altering magnetic flux was the production of an electric field, non merely in a music director, where it could drive an electric charge, but besides in infinite even in the absence of electric charges. Maxwell formulated the mathematical look associating the alteration in magnetic flux to the induced electromotive force ( voltage ) . This relationship, known as Faraday # 8217 ; s jurisprudence of initiation, states that the magnitude of the voltage induced in a circuit is relative to the rate of alteration of the magnetic flux that cuts across the circuit. The induced voltage along any traveling or fixed mathematical way in a changeless or altering magnetic field equals the rate at which magnetic flux expanses across the way ( Ohanian 784 ) . The subsequent magnetic field produced in the spiral will be in the opposite way of the magnetic field of the sal oon magnet. This due to the relationships between the voltage, the current, and the magnetic field. If the field were produced in the way of the magnet? s magnetic field, the system would go on to construct in charge due to the effects of an addition in the electromagnetic flux moving on the spiral. The system would ensue in catastrophe if continued in that mode. The field must, by jurisprudence, resist the addition of the magnetic flux moving on the spiral in order to keep the balance of the system. The equation for this is: E = # 8211 ; N ( qf / qt ) where N is the figure of cringles in the coiled wire and T is the clip in which the flux, degree Fahrenheit, is changed. This experiment will research a few of the state of affairss in which a current can be induced by a magnetic field. These have proven utile for the possibilities of bring forthing a current with magnetic attraction. The interlingual rendition of this is that through building of generators, the magnetic field passing through the coiled wire produces a utile beginning of electricity. The induced current and induced voltage relate to the amperage and electromotive force go throughing through many of our places today. These finds were used to revolutionise the manner we lived at the bend of the century by supplying the physical Torahs needed by discoverers to bring forth new engineering. Procedure: I.Currents Induced in Straight Wires: 1.Connect the individual wire setup to the power supply as shown. The ammeter should be on high graduated table. Place one of the little Ag compasses on the back shelf. Revolve the shelf and secret plan the magnetic field. Remember that the magnetic field ever runs from north to south. Therefore ever put the pointer on your field line in the way that the north pointer points. 2.Turn the current up to around 5 amperes. Be careful non to touch any wires or you will acquire a really bad daze. Besides hurry in taking your measurings or the circuit ledgeman will blow. Revolve the shelf once more and plot the field. Read your text edition on the theory of magnetic Fieldss for consecutive wires before making this. Change by reversal the leads so the current flows in the opposite way and repetition. 3.Now connect the wire cringle setup, the ammeter, and the power supply in a series circuit. Turn the power supply up until the ammeter reads about 2 amperes. This clip you will be utilizing one of the larger gold compasses. Keep the compass on the interior of the cringle, taking note of the manner the needle points. Repeat outside of the cringle on all sides. Pull the cringle on your paper and secret plan the magnetic field. Change by reversal the way of the current flow through the cringle and reiterate the measurings. 4.Set the panel electromotive force to 1.5 Vs utilizing the voltmeter. Connect a spiral to the supply as shown below. Insert the slotted composition board in the hole. Using the compass on the composition board, map out the magnetic field. Include the directional pointers. Change by reversal the way of the current and repetition. 1.5 Vs II.Currents Induced By a Bar Magnet: 1.Connect a galvanometer ( most sensitive graduated table ) to the terminuss of the spiral, as shown below. Quickly insert one terminal of the saloon magnet into the spiral, delay, so, rapidly take the magnet. What are your observations? Use studies of the spiral to bespeak current waies. There are four instances to be considered: ( 1 ) north inserted, ( 2 ) North withdrawn, ( 3 ) South inserted, and ( 4 ) South withdrawn. For each instance there are four images. Therefore, a sum of 16 diagrams are required. The way the galvanometer needle moves is the same way as the copper rrent is fluxing. Remember the saloon magnet has a field running from N to S. When this is inserted in the spiral, a current is set up in order to bring forth a magnetic field that will call off out the field of the saloon magnet. Is the field produced by the current in the spiral in the right way to call off the field of the saloon magnet? 2.Repeat portion 1, but much more easy than earlier. Compare consequences. Does the velocity have an consequence on the strength of the magnetic field produced? 3.Repeat the process with the other terminal of the magnet. III. Currents Induced by Current- Carrying Coils: 1.Connect a 2nd spiral t the 1.5v power supply oriented as shown. Quickly move spiral A up to gyrate B, keeping orientation shown above ( note effects ) . Indicate the current in each spiral. Quickly move spiral A off from B. Indicate the waies of the currents in the spirals. Remember current flows from to? and is set in spiral A. Does gyrate A behave precisely like the saloon magnet did? 2.Now disconnect one wire from spiral A and travel spiral A up to gyrate B. Reconnect the wire to gyrate A ( note consequence ) , disconnect wire ( note consequence ) . Indicate way of currents in spirals for each instance. A Bacillus Volt Datas: I.1. The magnetic field of a consecutive wire was found to be: 2.The magnetic field of the same wire with current in opposite way: 3. The magnetic Fieldss of cringles of wire with current in opposite waies: a. B. 4. The mapped magnetic field from a cringle attached to a electromotive force: a. B. II.1. The diagrams bespeaking the interpolation of the north pole of a saloon magnet into the spiral: a.b. c.d. The diagram with the south pole of the saloon magnet being inserted into the spiral: a. B. c. vitamin D. The diagram of the north pole of the saloon magnet being withdrawn form the spiral: a.b. c.d. The diagram for the south- pole of the saloon magnet being withdrawn from the spiral: e.f. g.h. III.1. Diagrams for current- carrying spirals being moved together: a.b. 2. Diagrams for spirals being placed together with a wire detached from spiral A and so replaced and removed after being positioned in close propinquity: a.b. 3. Diagrams for the interpolation of a soft Fe rod ( nail ) through the two spirals with circuit all of a sudden closed: a. B. c.d. These are for the shutting circuit with the current in the powered spiral fluxing in the opposite way: a.b. c.d. These diagrams are for the state of affairs of interrupting the circuit with a soft Fe rod inserted through the spirals: a.b. c.d. These diagrams are for the breakage of the circuit with the current flowing in the opposite way from the old circuit: a.b. c.d. Consequences: The consequences of this research lab are non represented as computations. The diagrams in the old subdivision constitutes a big part of the replies to the inquiries and assignments within the process. Most of the inquiries are represented in the old subdivision and those inquiries necessitating a verbal reply are fulfilled in this subdivision. The first inquiry from the 2nd portion of the Procedure subdivision asks for observations of the fleet interpolation of the saloon magnet into the spiral. The galvanometer needle moves into place and so settles back to impersonal after the magnet Michigan. The following inquiry, besides in that subdivision, asks if the field produced by the current in the spiral was in the opposite way of the magnetic field of the saloon magnet? The field produced is bound by physical jurisprudence to be in the opposite way of the field of the saloon magnet. The field acts to call off the consequence of the magnet? s field on the spiral. The following inquiry asks if the velocity of the inserted magnet has any consequence on the strength of the magnetic field produced. The reply is yes ; the field produced in the spiral is weaker as the magnet is inserted and withdrawn at a slower gait. The concluding inquiry of the research lab, from the 3rd subdivision of the process, asks if the spiral attached to the power supply Acts of the Apostless like the saloon magnet did when moved near to another spiral. The reply is yes ; the powered spiral has a magnetic field due to the current passing through it. When placed near the other spiral at some rate of velocity, the galvanometer attached to the 2nd spiral reacts to the current being produced in the spiral. Percentage Mistake Difference: This research lab does non affect any numerical computations to be compared to theoretical values. Due to this fact, there is no per centum mistake difference found in the class of these experiments. That said, any mistake in the coverage of the consequences and informations of this lab would be the consequence of human mistake. Any unlawful readings or embezzlement of the experimental state of affairss would be attributed to the pupil. This is the lone beginning of mistake in this research lab. Decision ; The research lab consequences were really clear. The equipment was used in its proper mode and later produced accurate consequences. The function of the magnetic Fieldss around the current- carrying heterosexual and looped wires were found to be consistent with the direction provided in the text edition. The alteration in way of the current produced to allow ensuing magnetic field as compared to the text. The saloon magnet and spiral subdivision of the research lab allowed for a close comparing with the theory behind electromagnetic initiation. As the magnet was inserted into the spiral, the galvanometer needle registered a current. The way of the resulting field could so be produced with counsel from the theory and a small deductive logical thinking. The concluding subdivision of the process besides held to the anticipations of theory. The thought that a powered spiral would move like a saloon magnet when moved into close propinquity with a spiral attached to a galvanometer besides proved to be true. The galvanometer reacted in the same manner as if the magnet were being inserted into the spiral. The powered spiral has a magnetic field of its ain due to the current in the wire. As a consequence of this field, the galvanometer detects a current in the spiral attached to it precisely like the state of affairss affecting a saloon magnet. The consequences of this research lab indicates a successful representation of the basic theoretical guidelines. The equipment was satisfactory for the undertakings described in the process and the consequences were every bit as fulfilling. With this success, the pupil sees the theory in a touchable signifier and this would assist to cement the constructs of electromagnetic initiation in their memory. Plants Cited: 1.Cutnell, John D. and Johnson, Kenneth W. Physics. 3rd erectile dysfunction. John Wiley A ; Sons, inc. , New York, 1995 2. Ohanian, Hans C. Physics. 2nd erectile dysfunction. W. W. Norton A ; Company, New York, 1989. 3. Serway, Raymond A and Faughn, Jerry S. College Physics. 5th erectile dysfunction. Saunders College Publishing, Orlando, 1999.